The causes and the effects of struggling to be in the high class society: The comparison between Bella's and Lizzie's struggle in Charles Dickens' our Mutual Friend

Habsari, Helda Tri (2008) The causes and the effects of struggling to be in the high class society: The comparison between Bella's and Lizzie's struggle in Charles Dickens' our Mutual Friend. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandala Madiun.

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Abstract

Literature is a means of communication which represents human's idea in the written form. There are three kinds of literature, they are: prose (consists of novel and short story), plays and poetry. Novel is a story, longer than short story,written in prose. There are many incidents in the novel. It represents real life which is made up based on the imagination of the writer. Therefore,the readers can imagine what the writer wants to utter. The readers can imagine about the setting, time, and story in the novel by their mind. Because of this reason,the writer chooses to analyze novel entitled Our Mutual Friend written by Charles Dickens. Charles Dickens is one of the famous and talented writers in England.This novel is first published in 1865. Our Mutual Friend contains the story of a man namely John Harmon who is suspected to be murdered. He will inherit all of his father's properties with one rule, that is, he has to marry a girl namely Bella. Bella is a mercenary girl who want to raise up her life by becoming a rich man's wife. She struggles to improve her life. On the other hand, related to the case of John Harmon's murder, the character of Lizzie appears. She is a daughter of waterside man. She has a dream to raise her family's life too. She also strugglesto get the better life although she has to undergo many poblems. The writer's reason in analyzing Our Mutual Friend is due to the portrait comparison of Bella and Lizzie who struggle and undergo many problem in their life which finally bring them to be the member of higher social class. Reading this novel makes the writer understand more about the life of lower social class people in the Victorian Period.There is a different gap of social class which is called as Bourgeoisie and Proletariat. Proletariat has no means of production and they become the employees of Bourgeoisie. Bourgeoisie is characterized by having means of productionmany properties, servants, good carriage, fine clothes,et cetera. They have a group of rich people called as Society. They held a ball,dinner, and party. Most of them are educated persons and have a good occupation such as a member of parliament, lawyer,and the rich people. In order to reach the higher social class and get the better attention of surroundings, many Proletariats struggle to improve their life and ability by learning to read and write,reaching the good occupation, and improving their education. In this thesis, the writer takes the main source of data from the novel Our Mutual Friend written by Charles Dickens, and collects some data and other references in order to support this thesis. Besides that, theory of cause and of Proletariat and Bourgeoisie is used to describe about Bella's and Lizzie's struggle in reaching the higher social class status. Theory of effects and of setting is used to describe about the effects after Bella and Lizzie have become the member of higher social class toward themselves and toward their surroundings. There are some lessons which can be taken from this novel by the readers. Bella and Lizzie have a different character which can be taken as an example of life. They have a bad and good characteristic in their life. Bella has to change her bad characteristic in order to get the better life. Lizzie has to be patient in living her life. She has some problems related to the living and death of someone,and she has a wise solution to finish it. Moreover, Lizzie can experience it happily. After experiencing it all, both girls have a result that they can get the better life. It causes some effects toward themselves and theirsurroundings.The thesis writer hopes that by reading this thesis, the readers are able to understand more about the patience and characteristic changing in facing the problems of life.Besides that, the writer hopes that the readers can learn more about Marxism,especially in the case of struggling to get the higher class in the Victorian period.

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